Language features

Eryx supports a wide range of features that are also present in other languages like python/javascript. Bellow are of all features currently supported by Eryx.

Comments

Single line comments are supported with the # character and can be stopped early with the ; character.

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print("Hello, "); # This is a comment print("This will not be printed")
print("World!"); # This is also a comment ; print("This will be printed")

The ; above makes it so the code after it is also executed, making the output:

```C linenums="1"
Hello,
World!
This will be printed
```

Variable declarations

Mutable variables and constants are supported.

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let var = 1; # This is a mutable variable
const constant = true; # This is a constant
var = 100; # Redefining a variable's value does not need a semicolon

All variable declarations must end in a semicolon (;)

Variable deletion

Variables can be deleted with the del keyword:

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const var = 1; # Declare a constant variable
del var; # Delete it so it can be redeclared

Value types

All currently suppoted value types are:

• Numbers (currently there isn't a differnce between integers and floats)
• Strings
• Booleans
• Arrays
• Dictionaries/Objects
• Nulls

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let num = 1; # This is a number
let neg_num = -1; # This is a negative number
let float_num = 3.14; # This is a float
let boolean = true; # This is a boolean
let string = "Hello, World!"; # This is a string
let arr = [1, 2, 3, 5]; # This is an array
let dict = {key: "value", num: 3}; # This is a dictionary/object
let null_val = null; # This is a null

Importing

Importing is done with the import keyword.

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import "test.erx"; # Imports a file name 'test.eryx'
from "test.eryx" import ["add", "pi"]; # Imports the function 'add' and variable 'pi' from 'test.eryx'
import "math" as "meth"; # Imports the builtin 'math' module as 'meth'

Builtin modules and installed packages are imported without the ".eryx" (example: "math")

Functions

Functions can be declared using the func keyword.

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func add(x, y) {
    return x + y; # Return statements must end in a semicolon and can be empty
}
print(add(1, 2)); # Output: 3

Builtin functions

Values containing '?' are optional and '...' refers to any amount of arguments.

Builtin modules

Builtin modules can be imported using import (without ".eryx")

math

file

http

time

string

array

os

json

logging

crypto

Classes

Classes can be made using the class keyword:

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# They can have initializeable arguments
class Clock {
    time: Number # Type hints are done using a colon
}

let clock = Clock(0);
clock.time = 100;

print(clock); # Output: 100

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# They can also have pre-declared variables
class Clock {
    time: Number = 0
}

print(clock.time); # Output: 0

clock.time = 100; # This will set the value permanently

print(clock); # Output: 100

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# They can also have functions
class Maths {
    func sum(a: Number, b: Number) {
        return a + b;
    }
}

print(Maths.sum(10, 5)); # Output: 15

Currently, there is no way to access properties from the class from within its own functions (like self (python) or this (javascript))

Enums

Enums can be created using enum:

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# They can also have pre-declared variables
enum Colors {
    green
    blue
    red
    white
    yellow
}

print(Colors.green); # Output: green

Operators

Currently, all supported operators are:

Arithmetic

• + Add
• - Subtract
• * Multiply
• / Divide
• % Modulo
• ** Power

The + (Add) operator can also be used to concatenate strings, arrays and dictionaries/objects.

Bitwise

• ^ XOR
• & AND
• | OR
• << Left shift
• >> Right shift

Logical

• && And
• || Or

Comparison

• == Equals
• != Not equals
• < Smaller
• > Greater
• <= Smaller or equal
• >= Greater or equal

In place

• ++ Add 1
• -- Subtract 1
• += Add
• -= Subtract
• *= Multiply
• /= Divide
• %= Modulo
• ^= XOR
• &= AND
• |= OR
• <<= Left shift
• >>= Right shift

The ++ and -- operators are used before the variable (example: ++variable).

Control structures

If/Else statements

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if (1 == 1) {
    print("This will be printed");
} else {
    print("This will not be printed");
}

Loops

Infinite loops, while loops and for loops are supported.

For loops can only iterate over arrays.

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loop {
    print("This will be printed forever!");
}

let value = 0;
const threshold = 3;
while (value < threshold) {
    value = value + 1

    print(value);
}

# For loops work by going over an iterator
for i in range(5) {
    print(i)
}

Supported keywords are:

• break: Exit the loop
• continue: Skip to the next loop iteration